Features
Covers all phases of sensory evaluation studies
Contains new chapters on advanced sensory processes, quality control testing, advertising claims, and business challenges
Outlines basic concepts for tabular and graphical summaries, hypothesis testing, and the design of sensory panels
Introduces new time-intensity testing methods
Adds new information on mapping and sorting, graph theory, multidimensional scaling, and flash profiling techniques
Presents case studies of sensory tests, including project design, hypothesis testing, data analysis, and interpretation of results
Summary
This new edition of a bestseller covers all phases of performing sensory evaluation studies, from listing the steps involved in a sensory evaluation project to presenting advanced statistical methods. Like its predecessors, Sensory Evaluation Techniques, Fifth Edition gives a clear and concise presentation of practical solutions, accepted methods, standard practices, and some advanced techniques.
The fifth edition is comprehensively reorganized, revised, and updated. Key highlights of this book include:
A more intuitive organization
Statistical methods adapted to suit a more basic consumer methodology
Rearranged material to reflect advances in Internet testing
New time-intensity testing methods
New chapters on advanced sensory processes, quality control testing, advertising claims, and business challenges
New material on mapping and sorting, graph theory, multidimensional scaling, and flash profiling techniques
Explanations of theories of integrity, amplitude, and balance and blend
Updated appendices for spectrum method scales
Updated references
Sensory Evaluation Techniques remains a relevant and flexible resource, providing how-to information for a wide variety of users in industry, government, and academia who need the most current information to conduct effective sensory evaluation and interpretations of results. It also supplies students with the necessary theoretical background in sensory evaluation methods, applications, and implementations
Introduction to Sensory Techniques
Introduction
Development of Sensory Testing
Human Subjects as Instruments
Conducting a Sensory Study
References
Sensory Attributes and the Way We Perceive Them
Introduction
Sensory Attributes
Human Senses
Perception at Threshold and Above
References
Controls for Test Room, Products, and Panel
Introduction
Environmental Controls
Product Controls
Panelist Controls
References
Factors Influencing Sensory Verdicts
Introduction
Physiological Factors
Psychological Factors
Poor Physical Condition
References
Measuring Responses
Introduction
Psychophysical Theory
Classification
Grading
Ranking
Scaling
References
Guidelines for Choice of Technique
Introduction
Define the Project Objective
Define the Test Objective
Integrate Project Objective and Test Objectives to Construct Test Design
Reference
Overall Difference Tests: Does a Sensory Difference Exist between Samples?
Introduction
Unified Approach to Difference and Similarity Testing
Triangle Test
Duo-Trio Test
Two-out-of-Five Test
Same/Different Test (or Simple Difference Test)
"A"-"Not A" Test
Difference-from-Control Test
Sequential Tests
References
Attribute Difference Tests: How Does Attribute X Differ between Samples?
Introduction: Paired Comparison Designs
Directional Difference Test: Comparing Two Samples
Specified Method of Tetrads: Comparing Two Samples on a Specified Attribute Using the Method of Tetrads
Pairwise Ranking Test: Friedman Analysis--Comparing Several Samples in All Possible Pairs
Introduction: Multisample Difference Tests'Block Designs
Simple Ranking Test: Friedman Analysis: Randomized (Complete) Block Design
Multisample Difference Test: Rating Approach'Evaluation by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
Multisample Difference Test: BIB Ranking Test (Balanced Incomplete Block Design)'Friedman Analysis
Multisample Difference Test: BIB Rating Test'Evaluation by Analysis of Variance
References
Determining Threshold
Introduction
Definitions
Applications of Threshold Determinations
References
Selection and Training of Panel Members
Introduction
Panel Development
Selection and Training for Difference Tests
Selection and Training of Panelists for Descriptive Testing
Panel Performance and Motivation
Appendix 10.1 Prescreening Questionnaires
Appendix 10.2 Panel Leadership Advice
References
Descriptive Analysis Techniques
Definition
Field of Application
Components of Descriptive Analysis
Commonly Used Descriptive Test Methods with Trained Panels
Commonly Used Descriptive Test Methods with Untrained Panels
Application of Descriptive Analysis Panel Data
References
Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Method
Design of the Spectrum Descriptive Method
Myths About the Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Method
Terminology and Lexicon Development
Intensity
Combining the Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Method with Other Measures
Spectrum Descriptive Procedures for Quality Assurance, Shelf-Life Studies and So On
References
Appendix 12.1 Spectrum Terminology for Descriptive Analysis
Appendix 12.2 Spectrum Intensity Scales for Descriptive Analysis
Appendix 12.3 Streamlined Approach to Spectrum References
Appendix 12.4 Spectrum Descriptive Analysis: Product Lexicons
Appendix 12.5 Spectrum Descriptive Analysis: Examples of Full Product Descriptions
Appendix 12.6 Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Training Exercises
References
Affective Tests: Consumer Tests and In-House Panel Acceptance Tests
Purpose and Applications
The Subjects/Consumers in Affective Tests
Choice of Test Location
Affective Methods: Qualitative
Affective Methods: Quantitative
Internet Research
Using Other Sensory Methods to Uncover Insights
Appendix 13.1 Screeners for Consumer Studies'Focus Group, CLT, and Home Use Test (HUT)
Appendix 13.2 Discussion Guide'Group or One-on-One Interviews
Appendix 13.3 Questionnaires for Consumer Studies
Appendix 13.4 Protocol Design for Consumer Studies
References
Basic Statistical Methods
Introduction
Summarizing Sensory Data
Statistical Hypothesis Testing
Thurstonian Scaling
Statistical Design of Sensory Panel Studies
Appendix 14.1 Probability
References
Advanced Statistical Methods
Introduction
Data Relationships
Preference Mapping
Treatment Structure of an Experimental Design
References
Guidelines for Reporting Results
Introduction
Anatomy of the Report
Graphical Presentation of Data
Example Reports (Tables 16.2 through 16.4)
References
Sensory Evaluation in Quality Control (QC/Sensory)
Introduction
Attribute Descriptive Methods
Difference-from-Control Methods
In-Out Method
References
Advanced Consumer Research Techniques
Introduction
Front End of Innovation
Sequence Mapping
Capturing the Iconic Experience
Consumer Cocreation
Qualitative Use of Kano Methodology
Benefit Perception beyond Liking: Functional, Emotional, and Health and Wellness Benefits
Behavioral Economics
Category Appraisals, Key Drivers Studies and Sensory Segmentation
Ad Claims
Additional Resources
References
Statistical Tables
Practical Sensory Problems
Scenario 1
Scenario 2
Scenario 3
Scenario 4
Scenario 5
References
Additional Qualitative References
