Policy analysts are accustomed to thinking in terms of tools and instruments. Yet an authoritative examination of the tools which have been developed to formulate new policies is missing. This book is the first of its kind to distinguish the defining characteristics of the main policy formulation tools, and offer a fresh way of understanding how, why and by whom they are selected, and the effects they produce in practice. The editors bring together eleven specially commissioned chapters that for the first time explore the tools and their features in a comparable fashion, including: scenarios, indicators, computerised models, cost-benefit and multi-criteria analysis. They develop a novel analytical framework for understanding the form and function of the main tools, which encompasses definitions of key terms, a typology, and relevant theoretical explanations. This book will appeal to postgraduate students, scholars and researchers of policy analysis, public policy, decision-making and public management. It will also encourage developers and practitioners of policy formulation tools to reflect critically on their work.
Contents Preface Acknowledgements PART I INTRODUCTION 1. The Tools of Policy Formulation: An Introduction John Turnpenny, Andy Jordan, David Benson and Tim Rayner PART II TOOLS OF POLICY FORMULATION 2. Participatory Assessment Matthijs Hisschemoller and Eefje Cuppen 3. Scenarios Marta Perez-Soba and Rob Maas 4. Indicators Markku Lehtonen 5. Computerized Models Martin Van Ittersum and Barbara Sterk 6. Multi-Criteria Analysis Catherine Gamper and Catrinel Turcanu 7. Cost-Benefit Analysis Giles Atkinson PART III ACTORS, CAPACITIES, VENUES AND EFFECTS 8. Policy Formulation, Policy Advice and Policy Appraisal Mike Howlett, Seck Tan, Andrea Migone, Adam Wellstead and Bryan Evans 9. The Use of Policy Formulation Tools in the Venue of Policy Appraisal John Turnpenny, Andrew Jordan, Camilla Adelle, Stephan Bartke, Thomas Bournaris, Petrus Kautto, Hanna Kuittinen, Lars Ege Larsen, Christina Moulogianni, Sanna-Riikka Saarela and Sabine Weiland 10. Policy Formulation Tool Use in Emerging Policy Spheres Sachin Warghade 11. The Effects of Targets and Indicators on Policy Formulation Christina Boswell, Steve Yearley, Colin Fleming, Eugenia Rodrigues and Graham Spinardi 12. The Use of Computerized Models in Different Policy Formulation Venues Paul Upham, Peter Taylor, David Christopherson and Will Mcdowall PART IV CONCLUSIONS AND NEW DIRECTIONS 13. The Tools of Policy Formulation: New Perspectives and New Challenges Andy Jordan, John Turnpenny and Tim Rayner Index