In The Origins of Totalitarianism, Hannah Arendt sought to provide a historical account of the forces that crystallized into totalitarianism: The ebb and flow of nineteenth-century anti-Semitism (she deemed the Dreyfus Affair a dress rehearsal for the Final Solution) and the rise of European imperialism, accompanied by the invention of racism as the only possible rationalization for it. For Arendt, totalitarianism was a form of governance that eliminated the very possibility of political action. Totalitarian leaders attract both mobs and elites, take advantage of the unthinkability of their atrocities, target "objective enemies" (classes of people who are liquidated simply because of their group membership), use terror to create total loyalty, rely on concentration camps, and are obsessive in their pursuit of global primacy. But even more presciently, Arendt understood that totalitarian solutions could well survive the demise of totalitarian regimes.
Introduction by Samantha Power
Preface to the first edition
I Antisemitism
Preface 3
1 Antisemitism as an outrage to common sense 11
2 The Jews, the nation-state, and the birth of antisemitism 21
3 The Jews and society 74
4 The dreyfus affair 117
II Imperialism
Preface 159
1 The political emancipation of the bourgeoisie 167
2 Race-thinking before racism 210
3 Race and bureaucracy 242
4 Continental imperialism : the pan-movements 287
5 The decline of the nation-state and the end of the rights of man 341
III Totalitarianism
Preface 387
1 A classless society 407
2 The totalitarian movement 450
3 Totalitarianism in power 507
4 Ideology and terror : a novel form of government 593
App "Totalitarianism" 617
App "Concluding remarks" 618
Bibliography 633
Index 657