The privatization of large state-owned enterprises is one of the most radical policy developments of the last quarter century. Right wing governments have privatized in an effort to decrease the size of government, while left wing governments have privatized to compensate for the failures of state-owned firms. In this way, privatization has spread from Europe to Latin America, from Asia to Africa, reaching its zenith with the transition from socialism to capitalism in East Germany. Privatization brings together the world's foremost experts to present a comprehensive overview of the issues associated with privatization in Eastern Europe, Africa, Latin America, and Asia. In many countries, state ownership has been a tool of redistribution, providing cheap water, energy, or transport to poorer segments of the population.In other instances, it has sponsored aggressive cutbacks, corruption, and cronyism. This volume offers a broad and balanced analysis of specific privatization projects, uncovering some surprising trends: partial privatization tends to be more widespread than one might think-governments in Western Europe, India, and elsewhere are reluctant to relinquish control over state-owned enterprises. The effects of privatization on efficiency are generally mixed but rarely negative, and while privatization appears uncontroversial in competitive sectors, it becomes increasingly complex in more monopolistic sectors where good regulation is crucial. "Privatization Controversies" is a frank, authoritative look at the successes and failures of privatization and the reasons for each, setting out alternative frameworks for countries in Africa and other regions that seek to develop privatization policy and programs.
Foreword by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Introduction by Gerard Roland 1
1 Private and Public Ownership in Economic Theory by Gerard Roland 9
2 Privatization in Western Europe: Stylized Facts, Outcomes, and Open Issues by Bernardo Bortolotti and Valentina Milella 32
3 Privatization in Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States by Jan Hanousek and Evzen Kocenda and Jan Svejnar 76
4 Privatization in Africa: What Has Happened? What Is to Be Done? by John Nellis 109
5 Privatization in Latin America: The Good, the Ugly, and the Unfair by Antonio Estache and Lourdes Trujillo 136
6 Privatization in South Asia by Nandini Gupta 170
7 A Critical Review of the Evolving Privatization Debate by Jomo K. S. 199
Contributors 213
Index