The contributors to this volume treat the United States as an object to be historically and politically scrutinized rather than as the norm from which all else is to be evaluated, and they assess the Third World through its history of colonialism and neocolonialism rather than focusing on issues of culture and morality. Amartya Sen discusses the shortcomings of the development agenda as it was conceived at the close of the Second World War and the role of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Joseph Stiglitz explains economic globalization and the power of the International Monetary Fund in guiding its trajectory, and development expert Helena Norberg-Hodge uses her experience in Ladakh, Tibet, to critique the development agenda and its relation to similar practices in the colonial period. Political scientists Partha Chatterjee, Mahmood Mamdani, and Anatol Lieven chart the growth of hegemonic power from the colonial to the postcolonial period. Iranian human rights lawyer Shirin Ebadi elaborates the relationship between Islam, democracy, and human rights, and the consequences of the present war on terror; anthropologists Lila Abu-Lughod and Saba Mahmood respectively trace the historical use of women as an excuse for imperial intervention and discuss the relationship between liberalism, Islam, and secularism; and literary theorist and cultural critic Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak highlights the problems associated with human rights discourse and practice and addresses representations of women from the non-Western world. In conclusion, Talal Asad traces the genealogy of the term secularism, its relationship to modernity, and the different forms it has taken. He also discusses the question of human rights and the special place of Islam in debates about secularism. Gil Anidjar considers the distinction between the theological and the political and elaborates the historical links between secularism and Christianity. Taken together, these interviews offer a valuable understanding of world history and a corrective to predominant conventional discourses on issues of global power and justice.