This volume provides an introduction to a vast body of writing about history, from classical Greece and Rome to the contemporary world. M.C. Lemon maps out key debates and central concepts of philosophy of history, placing principal thinkers in the context of their times and schools of thought. Lemon explains the crucial differences between speculative philosophy as an enquiry into the content of history, and analytic philosophy of history as relating to the methods of history. The first two parts of the book trace each of these traditions, whereas the third part revisits both in the light of contemporary contributions to the discipline. This guide provides a comprehensive survey of historical thought since ancient times, and its clear terminology and lucid argument should make it a useful source for students and teachers alike.
Introduction 1
Pt. I Speculative philosophy of history 5
1 Speculative philosophy of history: what is it and why study it? 7
2 Pre-classical ideas on 'history' 14
3 Classical Greek and Roman speculations on history 28
4 The Christian challenge to Graeco-Roman historical perspectives 45
5 A changing consciousness of history: the Renaissance and Machiavelli 74
6 An innovative interlude: from Machiavelli to Vico 107
7 Vico's philosophy of history 127
8 Speculative philosophy of history during the Enlightenment 168
9 Hegel's philosophy of history 201
10 Marx on history 238
Pt. II Analytic philosophy of history 279
11 Analytic philosophy of history: what is it and why study it? 281
12 The 'what is history?' debate 290
13 What is history for? 323
Pt. III The end of history? 357
14 The end of history? The postmodernist challenge 359
15 The End of History? Fukuyama's speculative philosophy of history
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