Where do new multinationals come from? How do firms in developing economies become global players? Gita Sud de Surie provides new perspectives on internationalization and the multinational corporation by focusing on firms in emerging markets rather than established multinationals in industrialized economies. She shows that firms in developing countries are not passive recipients of technology; rather, the attempt to absorb new technologies builds capabilities and generates new aspirations propelling them from being adopters of technology to innovators and participants in the global knowledge economy. "Knowledge, Organizational Evolution and Market Creation" documents the emergence of the Indian multinational by looking at data from firms in the 'old' economy, such as those in manufacturing, steel-making, automotive components and heavy machinery and the 'new economy' such as software and biotechnology. The author provides insights on knowledge transfer, innovation and capability building processes through in-depth case studies in these industries and suggests that both entrepreneurship and distributed innovation are critical for the growth of firms globally. This book will be valuable for scholars in international management, business policy and strategy, organization and management theory, economic sociology and history and technology and innovation management. Analysts, consultants and executives will find many useful insights in this book as well.
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Foreword by Bruce Kogut
1 Introduction 1
2 Stages of globalization: from knowledge transfer to industrialized innovation 11
3 Methods 30
4 Knowledge transfer via apprenticeship in Indian manufacturing firms: Stages I and II 38
5 Accelerating innovation in manufacturing - architecting complexity: Stage III 73
6 Industrializing knowledge production via born global firms: biotechnology and software 106
7 From paupers to princes: the emergence of the Indian multinational corporation 141
App. A A note on the Indian steel, construction equipment, and auto-component industries 166
App. B Indian software industry: historical background 176
App. C Evolution of biotechnology in India 181
References 187
Index 201