Customs and Excise: Trade, Production and Consumption in England 1640-1845

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Ashworth, William

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ISBN:9780199259212
Editorial: Oxford University Press
Fecha de la edición:2003
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Nº Pág.:380
Idiomas:Ingles,Inglés

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/ Historia Económica

This text traces the growth of customs and excise, and their integral role in shaping the framework of industrial England; including state power, technical advance and the evolution of a consumer society. Central to this structure was the development of two economies - one legal and one illicit. If there was a unique English pathway of industrialization, it was less a distinct entrepreneurial and techno-centric culture, than one predominantly defined within an institutional framework spearheaded by the excise and a wall of tariffs. This process reached its peak by the end of the 1770s. The structure then quickly started to crumble under the weight of the fiscal-military state and Pitt's calculated policy of concentrating industrial policy around cotton, potteries and iron - at the expense of other taxed industries. The breakthrough of the new political economy was the erosion of the illicit economy; the smugglers' free trade now became the state's most powerful weapon in the war against non-legal trade. If at the beginning of the period covered by this book state administration was predominantly deregulated and industry regulated, by the close the reverse was the case