This two-volume set charts the rise and decline of the National Union of Mineworkers and its influence on British politics between 1944 and 1995. The first volume explores the early years of the union, its formation in 1944 and emergence onto the national stage as a major political force. Whilst the nation relied upon coal for its electricity production, domestic heating and railway transportation, the miners and their unions played a central role in national politics with the ability to cause massive disruption to the nation, should they decide to strike. Volume two, covering the years 1969 to 1995, charts reactions to the pit closures programme of the late 1950s and 1960s and the development of the NUM's reputation as the union that could topple governments. This reputation influenced profoundly the relationship between the NUM and successive Labour and Conservative administrations, underpinning changes in the state's approach to industrial disputes, so vividly manifested in the strike of 1984-85. More than simply a history of the union, these volumes concentrate on 'high' politics and the relationship between the NUM, the government and the National Coal Board. The myths and legends surrounding the NUM and its power to bring down governments are still strong today, yet this book challenges many of the notions surrounding its strength, militancy and cohesiveness. Instead what emerges is a more complex picture of a union that struggled to translate local loyalties into national solidarity. Whilst nationalisation initially helped this process, growing frustration exploded at the end of the 1960s, ushering in a period of atypical unity that allowed the miners to successfully strike in the 1970s. However, the divisions and splits that finally ended the strike of 1984-85 were in many ways much more typical of the NUM's experience throughout the twentieth century. By making use of union material and party and government archives as well as oral testimony, much of it highly confidential, this set presents a comprehensive account of the evolving nature of the tripartite relationship between the miners, the NUM and the state.