Most of the essays in this book were first collected and published in 1933, when Keynes had reached a turning point in what had by then become a highly successful career as an academic economist, as an official economic advisor, opponent of the reparations imposed on Germany, and critic of the orthodox economic policies of British governments. Before devoting himself fully to the final stages of his journey towards the General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, Keynes put together these examples of one of his favourite literary genres, the psychological portrait and biographical sketch. With the additions made in 1951 and 1972, the book now contains almost all of Keynes's biographical writings: his savage portraits of the architects of the treaty of Versailles and sketches of other politicians, including Asquith, Balfour, Bonar Law, and Churchill; some classic accounts of the lives of economists, including Malthus, Jevons, Marshall, Edgeworth, and Foxwell; a pair of autobiographical memoirs; a short study of Newton; and many acute and affectionate character sketches of friends. Keynes shows himself here as a literary artist whose work does not suffer by comparison with that of his two friends within the Bloomsbury Group, Virgina Woolf and Lytton Strachey.
Introduction; D.Winch
Preface to the First Edition
PART I: SKETCHES OF POLITICIANS
The Council of Four, Paris 1919
Lloyd George: A Fragment
A Meeting of the Council of Three
Andrew Bonar Law
Herbert Asquith
Edwin Montagou
Arthur Balfour
Winston Churchill
Reginald McKenna
The Great Villiers Connection
Trotsky on England
PART II: LIVES OF ECONOMISTS
Thomas Robert Malthus
William Stanley Jevons
Alfred Marshall
Mary Paley Marshall
Francis Ysidro Edgeworth
Herbert Somerton Foxwell
Sir Henry Cunynghame
Henry Higgs
Alfred Hoare
PART III: BREIF SKETCHES
Wilhelm Lexis
Frederic Hillersdon Keeling
A. A. Tschuprow
Benjamin Strong
C. P. Sanger
Walter Case
George Broomhall
Frederick Phillips
PART IV: HIS FRIENDS IN KING'S
Frank Ramsey
A. F. R. Wollaston
W. E. Johnson
William Herrick Macaulay
Dilwyn Knox
Julian Bell
PART V: TWO SCIENTISTS
Newton, the Man
Bernard Shaw and Isaac Newton
Einstein
PART VI: TWO MEMOIRS
Melchior: A Defeated Enemy
My Early Beliefs