Following the restoration of Lithuania's independence and the dismantlement of the Soviet Union, the Kaliningrad region is now an exclave surrounded by EU member states. Departing from the analytical framework of Europeanisation, this book analyses the interaction between Russia and its Kaliningrad region on one side, and their European partners on the other side, thus assessing the region's potential to serve as Russia's main opening to the EU. How do EU relations 'feed back' into Kaliningrad's domestic arena, or, put differently, does Kaliningrad become 'Europeanised' - at least to some extent? In particular, do EU standards and norms impact on the exclave and in what ways? The book not only offers thorough case studies of a number of policy areas affected by the EU (environmental, economics and higher education), it also refines our way of thinking about Europeanisation 'beyond' Europe.
1 Introduction : adapting to European integration? : Kaliningrad, Russia and the European Union by Stefan Ganzle and Guido Muntel 1
2 Conceptualising Europeanisation in Eastern Europe : EU impact in 'likely' and 'unlikely' member states by Christoph Knill and Diana Pitschel and Michael W. Bauer 31
3 How do enclaves adjust to changes in the external environment? : a theory of enclaves and the case of Kaliningrad by Evgeny Vinokurov 51
4 EU-Russia-Kaliningrad relations - a case of soft securitisation? by Holger Moroff 68
5 Multi-level governance and centralisation in Russia : implications for EU-Russia relations by Joan DeBardeleben 89
6 Federalism in Russia : opportunity or constraint for Kaliningrad? by Stefan Meister 108
7 Social identity and regionalisation : the case of Kaliningrad by Anna M. Karpenko 124
8 Kaliningrad in its neighborhood - regional cooperation with Poland and Lithuania by Silke Schielberg 132
9 Regional organisations in the Northern Dimension area and Kaliningrad by Tobias Etzold 147
10 Economic policy by Evgeny Vinokurov 169
11 European principles in a Russian context : the transformations of social policy? by Vyacheslav Dykhanov 183
12 Environmental governance in Kaliningrad : lost opportunities by Guido Muntel 195
13 Public health policy : how does Kaliningrad adapt to the EU/ by Alexandre Berlin and Greg Mestdag 209
14 Higher education in Kaliningrad by Stefan Ganzle and Stefan Meister and Conrad King 222
15 Integrated management of the EU-Russia common border : the Kaliningrad perspective by Alexey Ignatyev and Konstantin Shopin and Pyotr Shopin 236
16 Summary : Kaliningrad and Europeanisation 'a la carte' by Stefan Ganzle and Guido Muntel 249
17 Russia : a case for revising the concept of Europeanisation by Gabriella Meloni 255