Part 1 Process Understanding
1 Quality, processes and control
Objectives
1.1 The basic concepts
1.2 Design, conformance and costs
1.3 Quality, processes systems, teams, tools and SPC
1.4 Some basic tools
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
2. Understanding the process
Objectives
2.1 Improving customer satisfaction through process management
2.2 Information about the process
2.3 Process mapping and flowcharting
2.4 Process analysis
2.5 Statistical process control and process understanding
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
3. Process data collection and presentation
Objectives
3.1 The systematic approach
3.2 Data collection
3.3 Bar charts and histograms
3.4 Graphs, run charts and other pictures
3.5 Conclusions
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
Part 2 Process Variability
1. Variation: understanding and decision making
Objectives
1.1 How some managers look at data
1.2 Interpretation of data
1.3 Causes of variation
1.4 Accuracy and precision
1.5 Variation and management
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
2. Variables and process variation
Objectives
2.1 Measures of accuracy or centring
2.2 Measures of precision or spread
2.3 The normal distribution
2.4 Sampling and averages
2.5 Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
Worked examples using the normal distribution 99
Part 3 Process Control
1. Process control using variables
Objectives
1.1 Means, ranges and charts
1.2 Are we in control?
1.3 Do we continue to be in control?
1.4 Choice of sample size and frequency, and control limits
1.5 Short-, medium- and long-term variation: a change in the standard practice
1.6 Summary of SPC for variables using X and R charts
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
Worked examples
2. Other types of control charts for variables
Objectives
2.1 Life beyond the mean and range chart
2.2 Charts for individuals or run charts
2.3 Median, mid-range and multi-vari charts 159
2.4 Moving mean, moving range and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) charts
2.5 Control charts for standard deviation (s)
2.6 Techniques for short run SPC
2.7 Summarizing control charts for variables
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
Worked example
3. Process control by attributes
Objectives
3.1 Underlying concepts
3.2 np-charts for number of defectives or non-conforming units
3.3 p-charts for proportion defective or non-conforming units
3.4 c-charts for number of defects/non-conformities
3.5 u-charts for number of defects/non-conformities per unit
3.6 Attribute data in non-manufacturing
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
Worked examples
4. Cumulative sum (cusum) charts
Objectives
4.1 Introduction to cusum charts
4.2 Interpretation of simple cusum charts
4.3 Product screening and pre-selection
4.4 Cusum decision procedures
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
Worked examples
Part 4 Process Capability
4. Process capability for variables and its measurement
Objectives
4.1 Will it meet the requirements?
4.2 Process capability indices
4.3 Interpreting capability indices
4.4 The use of control chart and process capability data
4.5 A service industry example: process capability analysis in a bank 269
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
Worked examples
Part 5 Process Improvement
1. Process problem solving and improvement
Objectives
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Pareto analysis
1.3 Cause and effect analysis
1.4 Scatter diagrams
1.5 Stratification
1.6 Summarizing problem solving and improvement
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
Worked examples
2. Managing out-of-control processes
Objectives
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Process improvement strategy
2.3 Use of control charts for trouble-shooting
2.4 Assignable or special causes of variation
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
3. Designing the statistical process control system
Objectives
3.1 SPC and the quality management system
3.2 Teamwork and process control/improvement
3.3 Improvements in the process
3.4 Taguchi methods
3.5 Summarizing improvement
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
4. Six-sigma process quality
Objectives
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The six-sigma improvement model
4.3 Six-sigma and the role of Design of Experiments
4.4 Building a six-sigma organization and culture
4.5 Ensuring the financial success of six-sigma projects
4.6 Concluding observations and links with Excellence
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Discussion questions
5. The implementation of statistical process control
Objectives
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Successful users of SPC and the benefits derived
5.3 The implementation of SPC
Chapter highlights
References and further reading
Appendices
A. The normal distribution and non-normality
B. Constants used in the design of control charts for mean
C. Constants used in the design of control charts for range
D. Constants used in the design of control charts for median and range
E. Constants used in the design of control charts for standard deviation 404
F. Cumulative Poisson probability tables
G. Confidence limits and tests of significance
H. OC curves and ARL curves for -- and R charts
I. Autocorrelation
J. Approximations to assist in process control of attributes
K. Glossary of terms and symbols
Index
